英語で -logy がつく単語は、ほとんどの場合「〜学」「〜論」という意味になります。基本的には 学問・研究分野 を表す接尾辞です。ここでは よく使われる -logy 単語 をまとめてみます。
科学・自然系
Biology(生物学)
Zoology(動物学)
Botany / Phytology(植物学)※Botany の方が一般的
Geology(地質学)
Ecology(生態学)
Meteorology(気象学)
Oceanology / Oceanography(海洋学)
人文・社会系
Psychology(心理学)
Sociology(社会学)
Anthropology(人類学)
Archaeology(考古学)
Theology(神学)
医学・健康
Cardiology(心臓学)
Neurology(神経学)
Oncology(腫瘍学)
Dermatology(皮膚科学)
Pathology(病理学)
その他・雑学系
Criminology(犯罪学)
Ethnology(民族学)
Mythology(神話学/神話研究)
Technology(技術学、科学技術)
Lexicology(語彙学)
-logy = 学問・研究・論
語源はギリシャ語の logos(言葉・理論・学問)
ほとんどが 「〜学」 と訳せる
分野や対象を表す単語を前に置くことが多い(bio → life, zoo → animals, geo → earth)
Top 50 “-logy” Words(意味+例文付き)
使い方
(1) 最初の行の単語を見て意味を思い出す
(2) 次の行で確認する
(3) 例文で実際の使い方も覚える
Biology
生物学
I study biology to learn about plants and animals.
Zoology
動物学
She wants to work in zoology at the zoo.
Botany
植物学
Botany teaches us how plants grow.
Ecology
生態学
We learned about ecology and protecting forests.
Geology
地質学
Geology helps us understand earthquakes and volcanoes.
Meteorology
気象学
Meteorology is important for weather forecasts.
Oceanology / Oceanography
海洋学
He is studying oceanography at university.
Psychology
心理学
Psychology explains how people think and feel.
Sociology
社会学
Sociology studies human society and relationships.
Anthropology
人類学
Anthropology explores different cultures.
Archaeology
考古学
Archaeology uncovers ancient civilizations.
Theology
神学
She studied theology at a seminary.
Cardiology
心臓学
A cardiologist works in cardiology.
Neurology
神経学
Neurology focuses on the brain and nerves.
Oncology
腫瘍学(がん学)
He specializes in oncology at the hospital.
Dermatology
皮膚科学
She visited the dermatology clinic for a skin check.
Pathology
病理学
Pathology helps doctors understand diseases.
Criminology
犯罪学
Criminology studies criminals and their behavior.
Ethnology
民族学
Ethnology examines traditions of different cultures.
Mythology
神話学
Greek mythology includes stories about gods and heroes.
Technology
科学技術
Modern technology has changed our lives.
Lexicology
語彙学
Lexicology is the study of words.
Paleontology
古生物学
Paleontology studies fossils and dinosaurs.
Immunology
免疫学
Immunology explains how the body fights disease.
Pharmacology
薬理学
Pharmacology teaches about medicines.
Physiology
生理学
Physiology studies how the body works.
Linguistics / Philology
言語学
Linguistics explores grammar, pronunciation, and meaning.
Genealogy
家系学
Genealogy traces family history.
Seismology
地震学
Seismology studies earthquakes.
Hydrology
水文学
Hydrology focuses on water and rivers.
Crystallography
結晶学
Crystallography studies the structure of crystals.
Mycology
菌学(キノコ学)
Mycology is the study of fungi and mushrooms.
Entomology
昆虫学
Entomology studies insects like butterflies and beetles.
Virology
ウイルス学
Virology studies viruses and diseases.
Ornithology
鳥類学
Ornithology studies birds and their behavior.
Herpetology
爬虫類・両生類学
Herpetology studies snakes, lizards, and frogs.
Cytology
細胞学
Cytology studies the structure of cells.
Histology
組織学
Histology examines tissues under a microscope.
Oceanology
海洋学
Oceanology explores oceans and marine life.
Radiology
放射線学
Radiology uses X-rays and scans to diagnose patients.
Sociology
社会学
Sociology studies social behavior and communities.
Epistemology
認識論
Epistemology explores how humans know things.
Theology
神学
Theology studies religion and belief systems.
Cosmology
宇宙論
Cosmology studies the universe and its origins.
Paleobiology
古生物学
Paleobiology examines ancient life forms.
Toxicology
毒物学
Toxicology studies poisons and their effects.
Kinesiology
運動学
Kinesiology is the study of human movement.
Ethology
行動学
Ethology studies animal behavior.
Semiology / Semiotics
記号学
Semiotics studies signs and symbols.
Genealogy
家系学
Genealogy traces family lineages.
Cardiology
心臓学
Cardiology focuses on heart health.
覚え方のコツ
-logy = 学問・論 と覚える
前にある単語で対象が分かる(bio = life, zoo = animals, neuro = nerves)
身近な例文とセットで覚えると記憶しやすい
まず 自分の興味分野(動物、心理、天気など)から覚える