英作文演習~予備編⑳「比較」

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【本問題】次の日本文を英訳して下さい。

1、金持ちとか権力者(the powerful)は必ずしも外見ほどには幸福ではないものです。


(解答例)The rich and powerful are not always as happy as they seem (to be).
(参考)We are not always as careful of what we say as we should be.

2、女性の声は普通、男性の声よりもやわらかい。


(解答例)The voice of a woman is usually softer than that of a man

3、40歳で他の人の60歳よりも老けている人もある。


(解答例)Some men are older at forty than others are at sixty.

4、規則正しい生活を送る(be regular in one’s habits)のが学生にとって最も大切です。


(解答例)It is most important for students to be regular in their habits.

5、春になると、だんだん昼が長く、夜が短くなります。


(解答例)In spring the days get longer and the nights (getを省略) 
shorter.

6、彼は、あなたが考えておいでよりも、ずっとずっと抜け目の無い
(shrewd)男です。


(解答例)He is a far (あるいはmuch) more shrewd person than you 
think he is (あるいはtake him for).
(解説)muchの用法に注意して下さい。
“Why don’t you wear this pair of shoes?” ”They’re much too small. 
They hurt my feet.”
Human nature is much the same anywhere (あるいはeverywhere).

7、君はお父さんより、お母さんの方に似ていますね。


(解答例)You look more like your mother than your father.

8、日の出は冬よりも夏の方がずっと早い。


(解答例)The sun rises much earlier in summer than in winter.

9、世間のことにかけては、君より僕の方が心得ているよ。


(解答例)I know more of the world than you do.

10、勉強したり、遊んだりする量が多ければ多いほど、多量の睡眠を必要とします。


(解答例)The more you work and play, the more sleep you need.

11、あんな連中(that crowd)とは関わり合いが少なければ少ないほどいい。どれもろくでなし(good-for-nothing fellows)だ。


(解答例)The less you have to do with that crowd, the better. They are all good-for-nothing fellows.

12、運転時間が長くなればなるほど、事故に巻き込まれる(to be involved 
in)可能性(chances)が増大する。


(解答例)The longer you drive, the greater will be your chances to be 
involved in an accident.

13、手紙の返事はもらったらすぐ書く方がよい。遅れれば遅れるほど書きづらくなる。


(解答例)It is better to answer letters as soon as you get them. The 
longer you delay (あるいはput it off), the harder it will be.

14、今年の冬はここ20年来の寒さのようです。


(解答例)①I think this is one of the coldest winters we’ve had for 
twenty years past.
②This winter seems colder than any we have known for the past 
twenty years.
(参考)I think he is the rudest man I ever met.
I think I have never met a ruder person.

15、大阪はわが国第二の大都会です。


(解答例)Osaka is the second largest city in Japan.
(参考)Osaka is the largest city next to Tokyo.

16、6月の中旬に一年中で一番昼の長い日がやってきます。


(解答例)In the middle of June we have the longest day of the year.

17、好天の波静かな海をヨットで帆走するほど快適なものは無い。


(解答例)There is nothing finer than sailing in a yacht on a smooth sea in nice weather.

18、故郷を遠く離れていると、親兄弟の便りほど楽しいものは無い。


(解答例)When we are far away from home, few things give us greater pleasure than the letters from our parents and brothers.

19、何か言いたいことは、腹にしまって(keep~to oneself)おかないで、率直に話し(speak out)た方が精神衛生上、よいらしい。


(解答例)It seems better for our mental health to speak out anything we want to say than keep it to ourselves.

20、清浄な水は新鮮な空気と同じように人の健康上、大切なものである。(慶應義塾大学)


(解答例)Fresh water is as indispensable to health as fresh air.

21、彼と僕とは同い年です。


(解答例)①He is as old (あるいはthe same age) as I.
②He and I are of an age.

22、君だって私ぐらいの年配になれば、きっと考えが違ってきますよ。


(解答例)When you are as old as I am (あるいはreach my age), you will surely think differently.

23、私の新しい万年筆は前のほどよく書けません。


(解答例)My new fountain-pen does not write so well as the old one.

24、この問題はちょっと見たほどには簡単ではないのです。


(解答例)The question is not so simple as it seems at first sight.

25、わたくしどもの住んでいる地球は丸くて、その表面は海と陸とから成っています。海の広さは陸の広さの3倍あります。(徳島大学)


(解答例)The earth on which we live (あるいはOur earth) is spherical in shape (あるいはround like a ball), its surface consisting of land and 
water areas. The water area is about three times as large as the land 
area.

【参考用基本文例】「比較」の表わし方
1、まあ、聞きたまえ。君より年かさだし、世の中の経験もはるかに多い私の言葉を。
Now listen to me. I am older than you; I have a far greater experience of the world.

2、「彼はあなたよりいくつ年上ですか。」「彼の方が私より二つ年上です。」
"How much older is he than you?" "He is older than I by two years. 
(=He is two years older than I.)"
(参考)"How old are you, Tom?" he asked.
"Not much over forty," I said.
"How much over?" he pressed.

3、人生における幸福と成功は他のいかなる単一条件よりも良好な健康状態に左右される。
Happiness and success in life depend more upon good health than upon any other single thing.

4、まず、易しい方の問題に取り組んだ方がいい。難しい方の問題に時間をかけすぎるのは間違いだ。
You had better tackle the easier questions first. It is a mistake to spend too much time on the more difficult ones.
(解説)全体を何らかの基準で2つに分け(したがって、中間は存在しません)、その2つの部分を比べる場合、比較級にはtheをつけます。
According to the theory of evolution, the more complicated forms of life developed from simple ones.(the less complicated thanのつもりです。)

5、「紅茶とコーヒーとどちらがお好きですか。」「コーヒーの方です。」
"Which do you like better, tea or coffee?" "I like coffee better."

6、彼は今まで以上に勉強に精出そうと決心した。
He made up his mind to work harder than ever.
(解説)he had ever done (before)です。

7、口で言えぬほど悪かったと思っています。お許し下さいますよう。
I am more sorry than I can say, and I hope you will forgive me.
(参考)I have more money than I know what to do with.(どうしていいか分からないほど。)
I know you better than to believe that of you.(つまり、あなたという人をよく知っているから、あなたについてそんなことは信じない、のです。)

8、それ以上にはできなかったのです。
We couldn't do any more than we did.
(解説)裏から言えば、That was the most (あるいはall) we could do.
「誰だって私達のやった以上にはできなかったろう」なら、
No one could have done any more than we did (あるいはhave done).

9、過度の運動は体のためより、むしろ害になる。
Too much exercise does more harm than good.

10、外はよい日和で、11月の末というより10月半ばの感じだった。
It was a fine day outside, more like the middle of October than late 
November.

11、僕は君と同様、気は狂っていない。
I am no more mad than you are.
(参考)I don't like him any more than you do.
I hate him just as much as you do.
(解説)not more than~をno more than~と混同しないことです。
She probably is not more than twenty-two or three, but she looks older.(おそらくせいぜい22歳か23歳だろうが、それより老けて見える。)
I had no more than (= only) ten cents left in my purse.

12、春が来ると、太陽は日一日と次第に早く上るようになります。
When spring comes, the sun rises earlier and earlier day by day.

13、話せば話すほど怒りが募って来た。
I grew more and more angry as I talked.
(参考)One grows tolerant (wiser) as one grows older.

14、知識が増せば増すほど、自分の無知なことが分かってくる。
The more you know, the more you find you don't know.
(参考)次のような形にも注意です。
More people find that time goes by more quickly, the older they get.

15、冬のうちでスポーツが断然トップだと思いませんか。
Don't you think skiing is by far the pleasantest of all winter sports?
(参考)January and February are usually the coldest months of the 
year.

16、シェイクスピアは英国が生んだ最も偉大な詩人であります。
Shakespeare is the greatest poet that England has ever produced.
(参考)She was one of the loveliest woman I've ever known.(今日までに知り合った婦人のうちで。)
"What is she like?" "She is a most (=an exceedingly) charming young 
lady."

17、僕の一番楽しいのは放っておかれる時。
I am happiest when (I am) left alone.
(参考)Everybody is happier when he has done a kindness.

18、どういう種類の音楽が一番お好きですか。
What kind of music do you like best?
(参考)What is your favorite type of music?

19、老いの顔に宿る明るさほど美しいものは無い。
Nothing is more beautiful than cheerfulness in an old face.
(参考)I don’t know when I’ve felt more tired.(こんな疲れたことって無いよ。)
I really don’t think I ever felt better in my life.

20、こうなったのは私にも君に劣らず、責めがある。
For what happened I am as much to blame as you.
(参考)It’s not your fault any more it is mine that things did not turn 
out the way we hoped.(~のは僕のせいでも君のせいでもない。)

21、そちらに負けぬくらい(と思いますが)、ここ仙台も暑いのです。
It is almost as hot here in Sendai as I suppose it is in your place.
(参考)He is almost twice (about) your age.
(解説)three timesの代わりにthriceは使わないようです。「2倍半」はtwo times and a half as~, two and a half times as~で、twice and a half as~は聞きません。なお、「半分」はhalf as~as…で表わします。

22、彼らはフランス語をまるで母国語のように流暢に話した。
They spoke French as fluently as if it were their native (あるいはmother) tongue.
(解説)had beenではありません。

23、彼女は見かけほど若くはない。(=彼女は見かけより、ぐっと年をとっている。/実際よりぐっと若く見える。)
She is not so young as she looks. (= She is (much) older than she 
looks./She looks (far) younger than she really is.)
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