英作文演習～予備編⑰「話法」

【本問題】次の日本文を英訳して下さい。

１、明日の朝早くにおいでなさいと彼は言った。

（解答例）He asked me to come early the next morning.

２、赤ん坊が目を覚ますといけないから、静かにして下さいと母が言った。（山口大学）

（解答例）Mother begged us to keep (あるいはbe) quiet lest the baby 

should wake (up).

（参考）At the door she entered (あるいはimplored, pressed) him to 

reconsider what she said to him.

３、昨晩、彼に電話しましたら、今日の午前11時と12時の間に来てよろしいと言っていました。

（解答例）I telephoned to him yesterday evening and he said that I 

might call this morning between eleven and twelve o'clock.

４、「コップに熱湯を注ぐ前にスプーンを入れるのはなぜか知っているか」と、物理の先生はクラスの生徒に尋ねた。

（解答例）①"Do you know," the physics teacher asked the class, "why we put a spoon in a glass before pouring in hot water?"

②The physics teacher asked the class if they knew why we put a spoon in a glass before pouring in hot water.

５、すると彼は、あらゆる考慮をはかりにかけた（weigh every 

consideration）上での決定かと、私に尋ねました。

（解答例）He then asked me if I had made that decision after weighing every consideration.

（参考）I asked him if he knew (any reason) why the man had 

committed suicide.

６、少し頭痛（a slight headache, a touch of headache）がするので、アスピリンを飲んだが、寝て治して（sleep it off）みようと思うから床に入るよ、と言って、彼は2階の寝室に上がって行った。

（解答例）①He said that he had a slight headache and had had some aspirin, and was going to bed to try sleep it off, and walked upstairs to 

his bedroom.

②"I have a touch of headache, and I have taken some aspirin tablets. I am going to bed to try to sleep it off," he said , and walked upstairs to his bedroom.

７、かさを学校に置いてきたのか、バスの中にだったかはっきりしないんだ、と彼は言った。

（解答例）He said (that) he was not sure whether he had left his 

umbrella at school or in the bus.

８、あんなことをして本当に悪かったと彼は謝りました。

（解答例）He said (あるいはapologized, saying) (that) he was really very sorry for what he had done.

９、彼は、自分は一人暮らしで、妻は死んでから数年になると申しました。（間接話法で）

（解答例）He said that he lived alone, and that his wife had been dead 

for some years.

10、「ジョン、･･･私怖いのよ（frightened）。ジミーの身に何かあったような気がしてならないの」と、彼女はささやいた。

（解答例）①She whispered, "John…, I'm frightened. I cannot help 

feeling that something's happened to Jimmy."

②She whispered to John that she was frightened and that she could 

not help feeling something had happened to Jimmy.

11、彼女は私に時刻を尋ねた。自分の時計が止まってしまったと言って。

（解答例）She asked me the time. She said her wrist-watch had 

stopped.

12、ワシントンの秘書が遅刻の言い訳に時計が遅れていましたのでと言った時、ワシントンは「新しい時計を買いたまえ。でないと、私は新しい秘書を雇わねばならぬ」と言った。

（解答例）When a secretary to Washington said, by way of apology for being late, that his watch was too slow, Washington replied, "Get a new watch or I shall have to get a new secretary."

13、「万事好都合にいったよ」と、彼は喜んで叫んだ。

（解答例）He exclaimed with delight that everything had gone well with him.

14、彼からよろしくとのことでした。

（解答例）He asked to be remembered to you.

（解説）"Please remember me kindly to him."（「あの方にどうぞよろしく」）

15、2、3日前、九州から上京した友人が、「あちらでは桜の盛りも過ぎて、日中など少し暑いくらいです」と言いました。（東京都立大学）

（解答例）According to a friend of mine who came up to Tokyo from 

Kyusyu a few days ago, the cherry-trees there are already out of 

bloom, and it is getting rather hot in the daytime.

16、「誰がそんなことをお前にしろと言ったのか」と、父親はかみつくような口調で息子に尋ねた。

（解答例）①"Who told you to do that?" demanded the father, in a biting tone, of his son.

②The father demanded his son, in a biting tone, who had him told to 

do that.

【参考用基本文例】「直接話法」と「間接話法」

１、「今まで助けて頂いた分くらい、お力になりたい」と彼は言った。

①"I would like to be of help to you as you have been to me," he said.

②He said that he would like to be of help to me as I had been to him.

２、「なさったことをいつかは後悔なさるでしょう」と彼は言った。

①"You will be sorry," she said, "for what you have done some day."

②She told me that I should be sorry for what I had done some day.

（参考）She said I was the most talented boy she never saw (あるいは

had ever seen).

３、「昨夜は一睡もしていないのです」と彼は先生に言った。

①"I hadn't a wink of sleep last night," he said to the teacher.

②He told the teacher that he had not had a wink of sleep the previous night.

４、「簡単な質問はフランス語でやれるが、返答が分かんない」と彼は言った。

①"I can ask simple questions in French but I can't understand the 

answers," he said.

②He said he could ask simple questions in French but that he could not understand the answers.

５、「自分流に事をしたいんだ。ああしろとかするなとか、指図されるのは嫌いさ」と彼は言った。

①"I would rather do things my own way," he said, "I hate to be told 

what to do and what not to do"

②He said that he would rather do things his own way and that he 

hated to be told what to do and what not to do.

（参考）He told me that he was sleeping badly, that his head ached, 

and that his eyes hurt him.

６、「才子は往々にして愚女をめとるもの」と老人は言った。

①''Clever men often choose stupid wives," said the old man.

②The old man said that clever men often choose (あるいはchose) 

stupid wives.

（解説）①のstupid wivesはstupid women for their wivesということです。もちろん、逆のClever women often choose stupid husbands.の例も世間にはよくあります。②は、これをgeneral truthと見なすならchoose、単なる個人のobservationと見るならchoseです。

７、「量が多すぎなければ、大方の人にとって、どんな退屈な仕事でも何もしないよりはつらくないものだ」と彼は続けた。

①"If work is not excessive in amount," he went on to say, "even the 

dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness."

②He went on to say that if work was not excessive in amount, even the dullest work was to most people less painful than idleness.

（参考）仮定法現在は仮定法過去に変えますが、仮定法過去はそのままです。

"What shall (should) I do if that happens (happened)?" she said to 

herself.

She asked herself what she should do if that happened.

８、「私の立場にあったら、君も同じことをしただろう」と彼は言った。

①"You would have done the same thing in my place," he said.

②He said that I should have done the same thing in his place.

９、「食事はきちんとしますか」と医者は次に尋ねた。

①The doctor then said, "Do you take regular meals?"

②The doctor then asked (me) if I took regular meals.

（参考）'Do you take meals at regular hours?'でもよいです。

10、「この前、いつどこで彼に会った」と彼女は尋ねた。

①She said to me, "When and where did you see him last?"

②She asked me when and where I had seen him last.

（参考）"Where and when were you born?" "I was born April 1, 1960, 

in Boston."

11、「のんびり構えろ、ジョン、できるだけのことはやったんだ」と彼は言った。

①"Rest easy, John," he said, "you have done all you could."

②He told John to rest easy, as he had done all he could.

12、「勉強しろ、時間を浪費するな」と私は彼に忠告した。

①I said to him, "Work hard. Don't idle away your time."

②I advised him to work hard and not to idle away his time.

13、「助けてぇ」と彼女は大声で叫んだ。

①She screamed loudly, "Help, help!"

②She screamed loudly for help.