英作文演習～予備編㉑「接続詞」

【本問題】次の日本文を英訳して下さい。

１、私の言い分（what I had to say）を聞き終わった後で、彼が何と言ったと思いますか。

（解答例）What do you think he said after he had heard me out (あるいはwhat I had to say).

２、家に帰り着くまで何も食べなかった。

（解答例）I ate nothing (あるいはno food) till I got home.

（参考）She laughed till her eyes filled with tears.

３、何か1つの仕事（a piece of work）を始めたら、仕上げてしまうまで頑張る（keep at it）べきだ。中途半端（half-done）でおっぽり出すのはよくない。

（解答例）When you once (あるいはOnce you) begin a piece of work, 

you should keep at it till you have finished it. It is not good to leave it (only) half-done.

（参考）Once he starts on something, he will not stop until he is 

satisfied.（自分の気の済むまで）

４、父が亡くなって初めて、私はどのくらい父に頼っていたかが分かりました。

（解答例）①It was not until my father was dead that I knew (あるいは

Only when my father was dead did I know) how much I had depended on him.

②When my father was dead, I realized for the first time how much I 

had depended on him.

５、蜂は嵐がやって来るのを感じる（sense）と同時に作業を止め、巣に真っ直ぐ戻るそうです。

（解答例）As soon as bees sense that a storm is on the way (あるいは

coming up), they quit work (あるいはstop working) and go back straight to their hives, we are told.

６、会うごとに好きになる、といった人です。

（解答例）He is one of those men you like more and more each time 

you see them.

（参考）You seem to grow taller every time I see you.

Bring your sister with you next time (thatを省略) you come.

７、その本を元の場所（where～）に戻しておきなさい。

（解答例）Put back the book where you found it.

（解説）次のwhereは「場合、状況」の対比です。

Helicopters are convenient for many kinds of jobs where airplanes 

would be useless.（「airplanesでは役に立たぬであろう」という想像を表わします。）

（参考）In Great Britain there is left-hand traffic, as in Japan, while in 

the United States of America, there is right-hand traffic.

He rides when he might very well walk.

I sometimes have difficulty getting to sleep even when there are no 

noises to disturb me.（このwhenは「時」を表わします。）

８、君の援助あるなしにかかわらず、僕はやるよ。

（解答例）I am going to do this whether I have your help or not (あるいはwith or without your help).

（参考）I’ll marry her―money or no money.

I’m always up at six in the morning, winter or summer.

９、どんなに天候が悪くても、明日は出発しなければなりません。

（解答例）However bad the weather may be, I shall have to start 

tomorrow.

10、彼は人が何と言おうが、自分の正しいと信ずることをやる男だ。

（解答例）He is a man who will do what he believes right, no matter 

what people say.

（解説）「誰が何と言おうと」であれば、no matter who might say whatです。

（参考）Whatever he may say, don’t believe him.

11、僕が何をやっても、奴は必ず文句ばかりつけるんだ。

（解答例）He is always finding fault, whatever I do.

（参考）He is always finding fault with everything I do.

12、ご全快の由、うれしく存じます。

（解答例）I am so glad to learn that you are quite well again.

13、ただいまおっしゃったことは死ぬまで忘れません。

（解答例）I’ll remember what you have said (あるいはtold me) as long 

as I live.

（解説）I shall always remember～でもいいです。

14、先生はその少年が非常にたくさんの質問をするので、初めはバカだと思いました。（成蹊大学）

（解答例）At first the teacher thought the boy to be a simpleton (あるいはidiotic), because he would ask him no end of questions.

15、非常な美人だったので、彼女が通り過ぎると誰もが振り返るほどでした。

（解答例）She was such a beautiful girl that everybody turned to look at her as she passed.

16、あまり興奮してきて、彼の言うことは何一つ意味をなさ（make sense）なかった。

（解答例）He became so excited that nothing he said made sense.

17、着物を脱ぐのすらおっくう（an effort）だった。そのまま（as I was）床にもぐり込んで（crept into～）、頭が枕に着くのとほとんど同時に前後不覚にも眠りました。

（参考）I was so tired that I was asleep before my head was on the 

pillow.

（解答例）It was an effort even to undress. I crept into the bed as I 

was, and was fast asleep almost as soon as my head dropped on to (あるいはtouched) the pillow.

18、毎朝、電車が非常に混雑するので、遅刻しないように徒歩で通学しています。

（解答例）I find the trains so crowded every morning that I now (make it a rule to) walk all the way to school so as to be certain of being in 

time.

19、自分のことで夢中で、他人の身の上の出来事などには関心が持てない連中が、我々の周囲には余りにも多すぎる。

（解答例）We find (あるいはThere are) too many people around us who are so absorbed in themselves that they cannot take an interest in what happens to others (あるいはother people).

20、好きにやらせておけ。

（解答例）Let him do as he likes (あるいはhave his way).

21、言われた通りにやったんです。

（解答例）I did as I had been told.

22、犯罪が起こらぬように社会を改善することができると、君、思うかい。

（解答例）Do you think it possible to improve social conditions so that 

no crimes will be committed?

23、誰にも分かるように説明しなさい。（静岡大学）

（解答例）Explain it so that everybody can understand (あるいはin such a way as to be understood by everyone).

24、毎年収穫が終わると、農業収入の不足を補う（eke out one’s income）ため、農村から都会に出稼ぎに来る人が多い。

（解答例）Every year after harvest many people come to town(s) from villages to seek employment so that they can eke out their income from their farm.

25、「ああなったのは君のせいだと彼は思っているよ。」「何でも好きに思わせておけ。」

（解答例）”He thinks you are to blame for what happened.” ”Let him (あるいはHe can) think what he likes.”

26、自国語であろうと外国語であろうと、平易簡潔に（in a clear, concise 

way）書くことほど難しいことはあるまい。（東京外国語大学）

（解答例）I think nothing is more difficult than to write in a clear, 

concise way (あるいはmanner) whether it be (あるいはis) in your own or in another language.

27、風邪を引くといけないから、外出しない方がよいでしょう。

（解答例）You had better not go out, in case you catch cold.

（参考）Don’t go too near the pond in case you fall in.（落ちるといけないから、あまり池のそばに近寄るな。）

28、父は、私の思い出し得る限りでは、別に文才はありませんでした。

（解答例）My father had no particular gift for writing, as far as I can 

remember.

（解説）「亡くなった」という意味をmy poor fatherで表わすこともあります。

29、人はその交わる友によっても、また読む本によっても、その人柄の見当がつくものです。

（解答例）A man may usually be known by the books he reads, as well as by the company he keeps.

（参考）People differ because their surroundings (環境) as well as 

ancestries differ.

30、君が気が違っているのか、僕が気が違っているのか、どちらかだよ。

（解答例）Either you are mad, or I am.

31、僕は今疲れてもいませんし、腹も空いてはおりません。

（解答例）I am neither tired nor hungry now

【参考用基本文例】重要な「接続詞」の用い方

１、会ったら、代わりに礼を言っておいてくれ。

Thank him for me when you see him.

２、お済みになり次第、私の所へその本をお返し下さい。

Please return the book to me as soon as you have done with it.

（参考）The moment (あるいはThe instant) I had said it I wished had 

not.

３、一生のある時期には、一つ厄介事が終わるか終わらぬうちに次のがやって来る。

At some periods of our life on trouble is hardly over before another 

turns up.

（参考）I have hardly time to put my head on the pillow before I am 

fast asleep.

４、そう言った途端、「あっ、しまった」と思ったが、もう後の祭りだった。

I had no sooner uttered the words than I regretted them, but it was too late.

５、列車が来るまでに、まだたっぷり15分、待ち時間があります。

There's still a good fifteen minutes to wait before the train arrives.

（参考）But the new year was not many days old when it happened.

But it happened before the new year was many years old.

Fifty dollars is big money to me.

６、その薬を飲むと、まもなく頭痛はスーっと消えました。

The headache disappeared soon after I took the medicine.

７、機が着陸いたすまで、席をお立ちになりませぬよう。

Please remain seated until the plane has landed.

８、失ってみて初めて健康のありがたさが分かる。

We do not realize the value of health till we lose it.

（参考）Health is not valued till sickness comes.

The real value of health is not known till it is lost.

When we are healthy, we do not know what a blessing health is.

But I'm not eighteen till second of next month.

９、雪は朝、私達が起きる頃までには地面に10インチほど積もっております。

The snow was lying about ten inches deep on the ground by the time 

we got up in the morning.

（参考）Most of them were under 18 years old.

The book is only two hundred pages long.

10、ご親切のほどは死ぬまで決して忘れません。

I shall never forget your kindness as long as I live.

（参考）I’ll stay here as long as my money lasts.

11、月日の早く経つこと。ほんの昨日のようですが、彼が死んでからもう5年になります。

How time does fly! It seems only yesterday, but it is already five years 

since he died.

（参考）Since you know so much, I might as well tell you the whole 

story.

now thatはnowとbecauseの合わさったような感じです。

Now (that) you are grown up, you mustn’t behave like a child.

But she left better now that she had told it all to someone else.

But she left better now, having told it all to someone else.

12、立派な学者だからといって、教師としても優秀とは限らない。

Because a man is a good scholar, it does not follow that he is a good 

teacher.

13、貧乏だからといって、人を軽蔑してはいけない。

You should not despise a man because he is poor.

14、コーヒーを飲まねばよかったと悔やんだ。すっかり目がさえてしまった。

I wished I had not drunk coffee, for it made me so wide awake.

（解説）forは先行の一語（一部分）を受けて、その「証拠・理由」を示します。

I had to do what I have done, for I couldn’t do otherwise.

15、手紙の転送ができるように彼は新規の所書きを郵便局に預けていった。

He left his new address at the post office so that letters might be 

forwarded.

（解説）このaddressをa forwarding addressと言います。

（参考）His eyes were wet with tears, so that he could hardly see his 

way out.

16、雨模様ですよ。濡れて風邪でも引くといけませんから、この傘を持っていらっしゃい。

It looks like rain. Take this umbrella with you lest you should get wet 

and catch cold.

（解説）lest～should…の代わりにin case～（～という場合に備えて）を使うこともあります。

Take your umbrella, in case it should rain.

I’ll write it down for you in case you forget.

（参考）I’ll write it down before I forget it.（忘れないうちに）

17、あんまりびっくりしたので、とっさには口もきけませんでした。

I was so astonished that for a moment or two I could not speak.

18、誰も一言も言わなかったが、互いに心の内は分かっていた。

Although no one spoke, each knew what was in the other’s minds.

（参考）A man may be rich and yet be far from happy.

19、確かに相手が間違っていると思う場合でも、頭ごなしに反論するな。

Don’t flatly contradict anybody, even when you’re sure he is wrong.

20、ところが床に入ってから、疲れてはいたんだが寝付けなかった。

But after I went to bed, tired as I was, I was unable to get to sleep.

（解説）もちろんthough I was tiredとしてもいいです。

21、誰が何と言おうと、僕は決心を変えません。

No matter who says what, I won’t change my mind.

（参考）No matter how (あるいはHowever much) money a man has, it 

can never make up for lack of breeding.

（解説）次のような構造を取ることも多いです。

You must do what you think right, no matter what the consequences.

22、君が何と言おうと、君を今日あらしめたのは君のお母さんです。

Say what you will. It is your mother that has made you what you are.

23、学校の規則は否応無く諸君は守らなければなりません。

You must obey the rules of the school whether you like them or not.

（参考）Whatever has happened or has not happened, you must not 

breathe a word about this to anyone.

24、言われた通りにやれ。

Do as you are told.

25、私に関する限り、君は好きにやって構わん。

As far as I am concerned, you may do as you please.

（解説）So far asとなることもあります。

So far as his means allowed he gave his children everything they 

wanted.

26、面白くさえあれば、どの本でもいいのです。

Any book will do so long as it is interesting.

（解説）このdoは、serve the purposeまたはsuffice（十分である）の意です。

Either will do.（どちらでもよろしい。）

This desk will do me quite well.（この机で十分間に合います。）

27、話し上手でもあり、聞き上手でもあれ。

Be a good listener as well as a good talker.

28、彼の文体は明晰で、しかも人をひきつける力があると批評家は皆言う。

Every critic agrees that his style is both clear and attractive.

（解説）both～and～, not only～but～の～は同一品詞の言葉です。

A man who both spends and saves money is the happiest man, 

because he has both enjoyments. (Samuel Johnson)

29、困難を克服せねば真の偉大さは勝ち得られぬということは、個人の場合ばかりでなく、国家の場合にも当てはまる。

It is true not only of an individual but of a nation that true greatness 

can never be attained without the conquest of difficulties.

30、明日か明後日にもう一度来ていただきたいのです。

Please come again either tomorrow or the after (tomorrow).

（参考）(n)either～(n)or～の～も同一品詞の言葉です。

Either I’m mad, or else he is.

Either go out or come in, don’t block the doorway.

He is either going mad or has gone mad.（orの次に構造上、分詞が置けません。）

31、うちには洗濯機も冷蔵庫も無いんです。掃除機を買おうかと考えているところです。

We have neither a washing machine nor a refrigerator. We are thinking of buying a vacuum cleaner.

（解説）しかし、「彼は中肉中背です」などは、He is neither tall nor short, neither fat nor lean.ではまどろこしいので、He is of medium height and 

build.

32、我々は他人の助け無しには一日として暮らせないだろうが、それは彼等にとっても同様である。

We could scarcely live a single day without the help of others, nor could they live without our help.

（参考）He did not ask my name, nor did I his.